✕
4D金属超材料：可编程结构重塑骨科植入物的力学微环境与骨再生
4D Metallic Metamaterials: Programmable Structures Reshaping the Mechanical Microenvironment of Orthopedic Implants and Bone Regeneration
摘要
骨科金属植入物长期面临应力屏蔽导致的骨吸收与植入失败问题。4D金属超材料通过可编程结构在植入后产生可控形变，使植入物从静态填充体转变为主动参与骨再生的调控平台。本文以动态力学匹配为主线，梳理形状记忆合金驱动和可降解金属电化学腐蚀驱动两条技术路线，归纳晶格超材料、负泊松比结构和预编程变形三类结构设计策略，综述各自在模量时变调控、界面互锁和弹性势能释放方面的研究进展，在此基础上分析降解-形变-骨愈合时间尺度失配、腐蚀疲劳和承重风险等转化瓶颈，并讨论降解-形变-骨再生耦合计算模型、多材料4D打印和免疫时序调控等前沿方向。
Abstract
Orthopedic metal implants have long faced the challenges of bone resorption and implant failure caused by stress shielding. 4D metallic metamaterials can generate controllable deformation after implantation through programmable structures, transforming implants from static fillers into active regulatory platforms that participate in bone regeneration. Guided by the theme of dynamic mechanical matching, this paper reviews two technical routes driven by shape memory alloys and electrochemical corrosion of degradable metals, respectively. It summarizes three structural design strategies: lattice metamaterials, auxetic (negative Poisson's ratio) structures, and pre-programmed deformation. Furthermore, it reviews research progress in time-varying modulus regulation, interface interlocking, and elastic potential energy release. On this basis, the paper analyzes translation bottlenecks such as the mismatch in time scales among degradation, deformation, and bone healing, as well as corrosion fatigue and load-bearing risks. Finally, it discusses frontier directions including coupled computational models for degradation-deformation-bone regeneration, multi-material 4D printing, and immune temporal regulation.关键词
4D打印/金属超材料/骨科植入物/动态力学匹配/形状记忆合金/可降解金属/负泊松比结构/骨再生Key words
4D printing/ metallic metamaterials/ orthopedic implants/ dynamic mechanical matching/ shape memory alloys/ degradable metals/ auxetic structures/ bone regeneration引用本文复制引用
艾崇文.4D金属超材料：可编程结构重塑骨科植入物的力学微环境与骨再生[EB/OL].(2026-10-16)[2026-10-17].https://sinoxiv.napstic.cn/article/26365662.学科分类
材料科学基金
江西中医药大学2025年创新专项基金 基于纳米技术中药活性成分在骨科植入物中的应用研究( XJ-S202549 )