用于金属离子检测的有机荧光探针研究进展
Recent Advances in Organic Fluorescent Probes for Metal Ion Detection
摘要
针对环境与食品中 Hg2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Fe3+、Al3+ 等金属离子的污染问题，有机小分子荧光探针凭借高灵敏度与可视化优势，已成为传统光谱质谱法的重要补充。本文以这五类离子为线索，从假阳性规避、pH适应性及实际样品应用三个层次对近年研究进行梳理。重点论述了通过特殊断键、比率信号与接力识别等策略以克服不同离子的交叉干扰；分析了探针溶剂体系向生理条件与纯水相演进的趋势；并总结了其在环境水样、食品基质、活体成像及便携试纸快检中的典型应用。综述旨在为克服复杂基质干扰与有机相依赖，开发多功能集成化金属离子探针提供设计思路与理论依据。
Abstract
To address the pollution issues of metal ions such as Hg2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, and Al3+ in the environment and food, organic small-molecule fluorescent probes, with their high sensitivity and visualization advantages, have become an important supplement to traditional spectroscopic and mass spectrometric methods. Focusing on these five types of ions, this review summarizes recent research from three perspectives: false-positive avoidance, pH adaptability, and practical sample application. It highlights strategies such as specific bond cleavage, ratiometric signals, and relay recognition to overcome cross-interference among different ions; analyzes the trend of probe solvent systems evolving toward physiological conditions and pure aqueous phases; and summarizes their typical applications in environmental water samples, food matrices, in vivo imaging, and portable test strip-based rapid detection. This review aims to provide design insights and theoretical foundations for overcoming complex matrix interference and organic phase dependence, and for developing multifunctional integrated metal ion probes.关键词
荧光探针/金属离子/有机小分子。Key words
fluorescent probes/metal ions/organic small molecules引用本文复制引用
李昊峰,李俊颖,梁笑.用于金属离子检测的有机荧光探针研究进展[EB/OL].(2026-11-12)[2026-11-13].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/202611-4.学科分类
化学
