适应负荷：社会经济地位影响健康的生理机制
低社会经济地位的个体会经历更多的生活压力, 并有更少的应对资源, 因此其健康状况面临更大的威胁。这些压力可能自胎儿期就存在, 对健康产生累积性影响。社会经济地位低所带来的压力对生理的影响可以用适应负荷来衡量。适应负荷反映了压力状态下个体多个生理系统的综合变化, 这些生理改变的累积对个体身体和心理健康会产生长期的重要影响。适应负荷理论为理解社会经济地位对健康的影响提供了有益的解释。同时, 社会经济地位对适应负荷的影响受到环境压力、社会支持、个人特质以及生活方式等因素的调节。未来的研究应该结合我国的社会文化背景, 探讨社会环境压力与适应负荷及健康后果之间的关系, 并探索保护机制, 为促进处境不利社会群体的健康提供理论依据。
Individuals with lower socioeconomic status (SES) are exposed to more stressful events but have less coping resources compared to those on higher ranks. They are hence more prone to a variety of diseases from the fetus to the elderly. Allostatic load (AL) provides an effective index to such cumulative effect of chronic stress on interconnected biological systems. Research revealed that AL is sensitive to changes in SES. The moderating and mediating factors between SES and AL include environmental risks, social support, psychological characteristics and life style. We propose that investigations on AL may shed light into understanding and intervention of disadvantaged populations in China.
朱晓、张红川、孙铃、杨洋、黄四林
医药卫生理论生理学经济学
适应负荷社会经济地位压力身心健康
朱晓,张红川,孙铃,杨洋,黄四林.适应负荷：社会经济地位影响健康的生理机制[EB/OL].(2023-03-28)[2025-08-03].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202303.09176.点此复制
评论