新疆哈萨克族血脂异常、高血压和糖尿病共病现状及影响因素分析
Status and Influencing Factors of Dyslipidemia，Hypertension and Diabetes Comorbidities among Kazakhs in Xinjiang
背景??心血管疾病是我国居民的首要死亡原因，高血压、高血糖和血脂异常（三高）是心血管病的重要危险因素，因此国家提出实施三高共管，但目前缺乏关于新疆哈萨克族三高共病情况的相关研究。目的 ?描述哈萨克族血脂异常、高血压和糖尿病患病率及共病情况，探索三者共病的影响因素。方法 ?本研究为横断面研究。2022年3月—6月，在新疆阿勒泰地区富蕴县，选取杜热镇和吐尔洪乡两个人口较多且以哈萨克族为主的乡镇，调查该地区18岁以上哈萨克族常住居民，通过问卷调查（一般信息、吸烟饮酒史、患病情况等）、体格检查（腰围、臀围、身高、体重、血压、心率等）和实验室检查（总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油和空腹血糖等）收集患者信息，使用多元Logistic回归分析探究哈萨克族三高共病的相关影响因素。结果 ?共纳入4835名哈萨克族居民，男、女各占48.2%（2231/4835）和51.8%（2504/4835），平均年龄（45.8±12.7）岁。血脂异常、高血压和糖尿病标化患病率分别为37.9%、21.1%和4.0%。血脂异常患者中高胆固醇、高低密脂蛋白、低高密度脂蛋白和高三酰甘油血症人群的标化患病率分别为24.1%、24.8%、10.0%和7.3%。三高共病的标化患病率为11.8%。单因素Logistic回归分析显示性别、年龄、BMI、腰围、臀围、心率、婚姻状况和文化程度是三高共病影响因素（P<0.05），多因素Logistic回归分析调整性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、BMI、腰围、臀围、腰臀比、心率、吸烟和饮酒等因素后，显示性别、年龄、婚姻状况、BMI和心率是三高共病的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论 ?哈萨克族血脂异常患病率高于高血压和糖尿病，血脂异常以高胆固醇血症为主。血脂异常与高血压共病在三高共病中最为常见，应将老年人、男性和高BMI人群作为三高共管的重点人群。
Background??Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among Chinese residentshypertensionhyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. ThereforeChina proposes to implement the co-management of these three diseases. At presentthere is a lack of relevant research on the three diseases comorbidities of the Kazakhs in Xinjiang. Objective ?To describe the prevalence and status of dyslipidemiahypertension and diabetes comorbidities among Kazakhsand explore the related factors. Methods ?Kazakh residents over 18 years old from Dure Town and Tuerhong Township with large populations mainly consist of Kazakh in Fuyun CountyAltay PrefectureXinjiang from March to June in 2022 were selected to conduct the cross-sectional study. Patient information was collected through questionnairesgeneral informationhistory of smokingalcohol consumptionand diseasesphysical examinationwaist circumferencehip circumferenceheightweightblood pressureheart rateetc.and laboratory teststotal cholesterolhigh-density lipoprotein cholesterollow-density lipoprotein cholesteroltriacylglyceroland fasting blood glucoseetc.. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors related to dyslipidemiahypertension and diabetes comorbidities among Kazakhs. Results ?A total of 4 835 Kazakh residents were included48.2%2231/4835and 51.8%2504/4835were male and female respectivelywith an average age of45.8±12.7years. The standardized prevalence of dyslipidemiahypertension and diabetes mellitus were 37.9%21.1% and 4.0%respectively. The standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemiahigh low-density lipoprotein cholesterollow high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and hypertriacylglycerolemia in the dyslipidemic population was 24.1%24.8%10.0% and 7.3%respectively. The standardized prevalence of comorbidities was 11.8%. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that genderageBMIwaist circumferencehip circumferenceheart ratemarital statusand education level were correlated with the comorbiditiesP<0.05. After adjusting for genderagemarital statuseducation levelBMIwaist circumferencehip circumferencewaist-hip ratio and heart ratesmokingand alcohol consumptiongenderagemarital statusBMI and heart rate were correlated with three diseases comorbiditiesP<0.05. Conclusions??The prevalence of dyslipidemia is higher than that of hypertension and diabetesand dyslipidemia is dominated by hypercholesterolemia. The comorbidities of dyslipidemia and hypertension are the most common among the three diseases comorbiditiesand the elderlymales and people with high BMI should be prioritized for the three diseases co-management.
刘成、加孜呢·努尔拜、金梦龙、马力亚·阿米提、张雨晨、李艳鹏、盖敏涛、曹杰、李建新、付真彦、鲁向锋、秦晓英、罗思富
医药卫生理论医学研究方法预防医学
血脂异常高血压糖尿病慢性病共病哈萨克族影响因素分析
刘成,加孜呢·努尔拜,金梦龙,马力亚·阿米提,张雨晨,李艳鹏,盖敏涛,曹杰,李建新,付真彦,鲁向锋,秦晓英,罗思富.新疆哈萨克族血脂异常、高血压和糖尿病共病现状及影响因素分析[EB/OL].(2023-12-25)[2025-08-02].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202312.00274.点此复制
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