分布式水文模型MIKE SHE模拟杨树(P.×euramericanacv.)人工林生态系统水文过程
Modeling the Hydrological Processes of A Poplar Plantation Ecosystem by MIKE SHE
本文采用基于物理过程分布式水文模型MIKESHE模型对北京市大兴区永定河沿河杨树（P.×euramericanacv.）人工林生态系统蒸发散、土壤水分含量以及地下水位等水文要素过程进行了模拟。分别采用2005年和2006年采用涡度相关法测定的生态系统日蒸散值以及烘干法测定的不同深度土壤含水量进行模型参数校正与模拟效果验证。采用验证过的模型对该地区地下水位进行模拟，并与2006年实测地下水位值进行比较，以揭示该区水分平衡的的观测值。研究结果表明，经对模型主要参数土壤不同剖面层的划分以及各层水分物理属性的反复修正，将土壤剖面自地面起至饱和水位线分为三层且各层的饱和导水率Ks分别设定为5e-006、0.0002m/s和2e-006m/s；模型验证精度较高，对日蒸散量的模拟结果中相关系数R由模型校正过程中的0.69上升为模型验证结果中的0.86；对土壤含水量的模拟验证结果中确定性系数E分别为0.78和0.56，比模型校正中所得的0.27有较大提高，模拟值与实测值有了较为一致的变化趋势，提示模型参数设置基本合理，模拟结果可以相信；在模型的应用过程中，用地下水位的实测值与模拟值进行比较，两者差异较大，相关系数为0.55，从模拟结果可分析出降雨对当地地下水位并没有明显的补给作用，而实测值的显著变化同时提示出当地地下水位的持续下降可能是由于对林区及其周边农田旱季抽水灌溉造成的，或者由于该研究中水分交换界面的划定对于研究区地下水位变化而言研究尺度太小，对地下水位持续下降的原因分析还需扩大时间和空间尺度来研究。
MIKE SHE hydrological model was employed in this study to simulate the hydrological process of evapotranspiration (ET), soil water content (SWC) and ground water table depth (WTD) dynamics in Poplar ecosystem water balance study of 2005-2006, and to evaluate the MIKE SHE model application effect compared with measured value of these hydrological factors. The result suggested that there was great difference between the model value and measured value in Calibration process. After the repeated parameter setup the model precision was increased and the model performed well, the model simulations could capture the dynamics of the soil water content and evapotranspiration process, which indicated that the parameter setup was reasonable and model result was accepted. Model value explained the precipitation had no obvious supply to the ground water. So the reason that the ground water table drop down persistently resulted from groundwater pumping for irrigation measure during dry days.
朱金兆、查同刚、方显瑞、刘晨峰、张志强、申李华、孙阁
水利工程基础科学环境科学理论农田水利工程
MIKE SHE土壤水分蒸散地下水位杨树(P.×euramericanacv.)人工林生态系统
MIKE SHEModel Calibration and ValidationGround water tablePoplar(P.×euramericanacv.) plantation
朱金兆,查同刚,方显瑞,刘晨峰,张志强,申李华,孙阁.分布式水文模型MIKE SHE模拟杨树(P.×euramericanacv.)人工林生态系统水文过程[EB/OL].(2008-01-09)[2025-08-10].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/200801-264.点此复制
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