学校联结与抑郁的关系：一项三水平元分析

Existing studies on the relationship between school connectedness and depression have produced inconsistent results. To clarify the extent to which school connectedness is associated with depression, and whether these associations differed according to the study or sample characteristics, a three-level meta-analysis of 87 included studies (206 effect sizes) was conducted. The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between school connectedness and depression but only to a medium extent(r = –0.39, df = 205, p < 0.001). Additionally, the relationship between school connectedness and depression was found to be moderated by the percentage of female students, mean age of participants, measurement of depression, and data characteristics. No significant moderating effects were found for the measurement of school connectedness, culture, or publication year. School connectedness is a protective factor for depression. Interventions targeting depression should be aware of school connectedness.