吴方言昆山方言点、苏州方言点和上海方言点的音类对比研究
The comparison research on phonology of Kunshan, Suzhou and Shanghai dialect
摘要
建国以来，上海、苏州两地的方言调查和研究较为全面。然而昆山作为“夹”在两大城市中间的城市，方言研究基本还处在起步阶段。有的人将昆山方言简单理解为“上海和苏州话的过渡体”。本文先分别比较三地吴语方言的音位差异，再根据中古汉语音系框架下的声韵拼合关系，对比差异，得出昆山方言的特点和演变规律。昆方言音位和苏州有严格的对应关系，几乎一样；语音上，受到上海影响，比较“新”；但是某些音变比上海更超前，不能简单概括为上海方言的保守形式。譬如遇摄、果摄部分字在非帮系声母后合口韵韵母音值为[əʊ]，对应上海的[u]。究竟是帮系合口圆唇化[əʊ]为[u]，还是[u]裂化为 [əʊ] 、[ɤʊ]等，关系到昆、沪两地语音谁“新”谁“旧”的问题。
Abstract
Linguists have paid more attention on Researches and investigations of ShanghaiSHand Soochow (SC) dialects since P.R.C was established. Some remark Khuense (KS) dialect as a “half-Soochow, half-Shanghai” accent so that they are not going to have an in-depth understanding of it. In order to have some conclusion about KS’ phonetic distinctions and phonology revolution rules, the author did comparative research on modern phonologies of SC, KS and SH; also, further analysis on their onsets and rhymes based on Traditional Chinese rhyme system. It is true that KS’ phonetics has been highly influenced and changed by SH’s; However, there are accurately systemic correspondences between KS and SC’s phonemes. People cannot simply conclude that KS is a younger sibling or kid of SH. For instance, rhymes of many Yu Sheand Guo She() syllables are [] in KS, but [u] in SH. It is not easy to distinguish 2 phonological changes: []>[u],a labialization of rhyme caused by Bang Xionsets and mediate [u]; and [u]>[], a phonetic split happened frequently in Wu Chinese. The question is critical because there are many causal-effect relationships depending on the judgment of KS’ identity, an elder or younger generation to SH.关键词
吴方言/昆山方言/苏州方言/上海方言Key words
Wu dialect/Kunshan dialcet/Suzhou dialect/Shanghai dialect引用本文复制引用
殷骁.吴方言昆山方言点、苏州方言点和上海方言点的音类对比研究[EB/OL].(2023-08-17)[2026-04-03].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202308.00204.学科分类
语言学/汉语
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