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相知在急难, 独好亦何益:二元互动视角下情境和自我关注对人际情绪调节的影响

Friend known in suffering, meaningless to live well alone: The effect of emotional consistency and self-focused attention on interpersonal emotion regulation from the perspective of dual interaction

中文摘要英文摘要

为探讨人际情绪调节效果的影响因素, 采用改编的情绪选择范式进行研究。实验1探究了互动双方情绪状态对人际情绪调节效果的影响。结果发现, 即互动双方情绪一致时调节效果更好。此外, 调节者在人际情绪调节时选择的策略匹配度会受到情绪状态的影响。研究者猜测可能是因为受到调节者自我调节导致认知资源分配。因此, 实验2设置了情绪一致性情境, 通过要求调节者调整注意倾向, 以操纵其分配于人际情绪调节的认知资源, 考察调节者自我关注程度对人际情绪调节效果和策略选择的影响, 结果发现仅在负性情绪状态下, 关注自我组的调节效果更差且策略匹配度更低。上述结果表明: (1)人际情绪调节中存在情绪一致性效应, 互动双方情绪同频有助于提高人际情绪调节的效果。(2)情绪调节过程中同时存在人际情绪调节和个体自我情绪调节两种形式, 在调节者负性情绪状态时尤为明显。(3)自我注意倾向引起的注意资源短缺会影响人际情绪调节策略的选择和实施。

Sharing our positive feeling with friends or turning to them for help when we are sad is immensely common in daily life. The process by which an individual consciously regulates the emotions of others is called interpersonal emotion regulation. Differ from intrapersonal emotion regulation, interpersonal emotion regulation is influenced by the emotional state of both parties. This study aims to elucidate this influence on interpersonal emotion regulation. Experiencing the same emotions helps to identify other’s emotion and help them control their emotions. If so, we can validate the mood-congruence effect in interpersonal emotion regulation and further explore the underlying mechanisms. In this study, we used an adapted emotion selection paradigm. 51 pairs of best friends (experiencers and regulators) were randomly chosen from one university and filled out the Friendship Quality Questionnaire prior to the experiment. Each pair of best friends completed the experiment in two separate and quiet rooms. During the formal experiment, both of them were presented with different emotional events and their emotional state were recorded before and after the experiment of interpersonal emotion regulation . And then, the experiencers were asked to anticipate the strategy that the regulator would use. After that, the experiencers were first asked to share their emotional events or mood with the regulators and seek for help via WeChat. The regulators completed emotion regulation after receiving the help signals. We found such an result when the experiencers and the regulators experienced the same emotional potency, interpersonal emotion regulation was significantly better than the inconsistent situation. Moreover, no such congruency effect was found for strategy matching. Experiencers experienced better regulation in negative emotional states than in positive emotional states. Based on this finding, we speculated that self-regulation by the regulators led to the allocation of cognitive resources. Therefore, Experiment 2 set up an emotional congruence situation to verify our hypothesis . We randomly recruited 88 friend pairs from one university and divided them into three groups to participate in the experiment, including control group, self-focused attention group , other-focused group. The procedure is similar to Experiment 1. In Experiment 2, the regulators were asked to adjust their attentional tendencies to manipulate the cognitive resources allocated to interpersonal emotion regulation. The results of the experiment revealed that only in negative emotions state, the interpersonal emotion regulation effect of the self-focused attention group was worse than that of the other-focused group, and the strategy matching degree of the former was also lower. This suggest that (1) there is an emotional congruence effect in interpersonal emotion regulation, and the same frequency of emotion of both interacting parties helps to improve the effect of interpersonal emotion regulation. (2) Both interpersonal emotion regulation and individual self-regulation exist in the emotion regulation process, especially when the regulator is in a negative emotion state. (3) The shortage of attentional resources caused by self-attentive tendencies affects the choice and implementation of interpersonal emotion regulation strategies.

10.12074/202302.00069V1

科学、科学研究

情绪一致性情境自我关注人际情绪调节

mood congruent effectsituationself-focused attentioninterpersonal emotion regulation

.相知在急难, 独好亦何益:二元互动视角下情境和自我关注对人际情绪调节的影响[EB/OL].(2023-02-10)[2025-08-18].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202302.00069.点此复制

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