汉族精神分裂症患者的性别和症状亚型差异

Objective This study aimed to provide basic clinical information for the molecular genetics research of schizophrenia by analyzing the demographic, clinical information and positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS) data of patients with schizophrenia in first-episode or resurgence. Methods One-hundred-and-two Han Chinese schizophrenic patients in first-episode or resurgence with the Fourth Edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-Ⅳ) were assessed using PANSS, Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies (DIGS) and Familial Interview for Genetic Studies (FIGS). Grouped according to sex and symptoms subtype, either t test or Wilcoxon rank sum test as well as chi-square test were used to perform statistical analysis. Results (1) Significant gender and symptoms subtype differences were found on marital status, clinical classifications and symptoms distributions of schizophrenic patients. Firstly, Males and predominant negative symptoms subtype (type Ⅱ) patients who have reached the legal age for marriage were more likely to be single or never married (χ2=6.062, P=0.014 and χ2=11.218, P=0.001 separately). Secondly, while paranoid type was tend to be found in female and predominant positive symptoms subtype (type Ⅰ) patients, the undifferentiated type was performing a completely opposite pattern (χ2=4.718, P=0.03; χ2=46.985, P<0.001). Thirdly, the positive symptoms and emotional symptoms such as anxiety and tension syndromes, activation and depression groups were more common in females and type Ⅰ patients, while negative symptoms (except stereotyped thinking) and motor retardation, preoccupation, lack of reaction group were more prevalent in males and type Ⅱ（z=-7.757~-2.003, all P<0.05）patients. Lastly, though neither gender nor symptoms subtype difference was found in the general psychopathology scale score, the positive scale score and composite score of females were obviously higher than males, which was inversely in the negative scale score ((z=-3.750 ~-2.895, all P<0.05). On the other hand, the total score and composite score of type Ⅱ were obviously higher than type Ⅰ (z=-2.90, P=0.0040; z=-7.732, P<0.001). (2) Onset age of type Ⅱ patients was significantly earlier than type Ⅰ(z=-2.727，，P=0.006). (3) Cigarette smoking was more common in male patients (χ2=23.6，P<0.001). Conclusion There are significant gender and symptoms subtype differences of marital status, clinical classifications and symptoms distributions among schizophrenic patients, which will be useful for the molecular genetics research of schizophrenia.