间充质干细胞来源的外泌体与眼免疫性疾病
Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes and Ocular Immunologic Diseases
外泌体（exosomes，EXOs），直径30~150nm，指从细胞膜上脱落或由细胞分泌的脂质双分子层结构的囊泡状小体。EXOs包含复杂的RNAs和蛋白质，且具有生物学功能。绝大多数细胞都能分泌EXOs，而间充质干细胞（mesenchymal stem cell，MSCs）来源的 EXOs具有产量多、稳定性好和无免疫原性等优势。间充质干细胞来源的外泌体（MSC-EXOs）可以修复组织损伤、抑制炎症反应、调节免疫系统，已被广泛探索作为一种基于再生细胞治疗眼科疾病的药物。本文重点综述了来自骨髓、脂肪组织和脐带MSC-EXOs在眼免疫性疾病中的研究进展，包括干燥综合征性角膜结膜炎、同种移植角膜移植排斥反应和自身免疫性葡萄膜炎，已期为眼免疫性疾病的治疗提供新的研究方向。
眼科学基础医学细胞生物学
眼免疫性疾病 间充质干细胞 外泌体 先天性免疫 适应性免疫
梁春兰,钟敬祥,刘莲,师齐.间充质干细胞来源的外泌体与眼免疫性疾病[EB/OL].(2022-09-27)[2025-11-05].https://www.biomedrxiv.org.cn/article/doi/bmr.202209.00019.点此复制
Exosomes (EXOs), with a diameter of 30~150 nm, refer to vesicular bodies with lipid bilayer structures that fall off from the cell membrane or are secreted by cells. EXOs contain complex RNAs and proteins and have biological functions. Most cells can secrete EXOs, and the EXOs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the advantages of high yield, good stability, and no immunogenicity. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC EXOs) can repair tissue damage, inhibit the inflammatory response, and regulate the immune system, which has been widely explored as a drug based on regenerative cells to treat ophthalmic diseases. This article focuses on the research progress of MSC EXOs from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord in ocular immune diseases, including keratoconjunctivitis with Sjogren's syndrome, corneal allograft rejection, and autoimmune uveitis, which has provided a new research direction for the treatment of ocular immune diseases.
Ocular immune diseasesMesenchymal stem cellexosomesinnate immunityadaptive immunity
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