甘蓝型油菜磷高效品种的筛选及其遗传行为

Phosphorus (P) is an essential mineral nutrient for plant growth, and Brassica napus is an important oil crops which is sensitive to P deficiency. In this study, a P-efficient cultivar “97081” and a P-inefficient cultivar “97009” were obtained by screening 243 cultivars of Brassica napus at seedling stage and whole growth period. Ratio of shoot dry weight at P deficiency treatment to that at P normal treatment in seedling stage for the P-inefficient cultivar was 0.417，and the ratio of seed yield was 0.160. However, the two ratios for the P-efficient cultivar were 0.755 and 0.348, respectively, which was higher than P-inefficient cultivar. P-efficient cultivar “97081” accumulated more P than P-inefficient cultivar “97009” both in root and shoot at seedling stage. There was no significant difference in seed yield between F1 to RF1 at P deficiency, this suggested that genes that controlled P efficiency mainly existed in genome of cell nucleus., Composite genetic analysis with four generations including P1, P2, F1, F2 showed further that P efficiency was controlled by two major genes and minor multi-genes, moreover, there exist in extensive additive effect, dominance effect and epistatic effect among the major genes and multi-genes. Preliminary conclusion obtained from the study shown that multigenes are involved in uptake and utilization of phosphorus with complex physiological and molecular mechanism in Brassica napu