自闭症儿童能否痊愈?——来自谱系个体“最佳结果”及剩余缺陷研究的证据分析
自闭症谱系障碍预后效果不佳, 通常被认为是一种伴随终生的疾病。不过随着研究的拓展和深入, 部分早期被诊断为自闭症的儿童, 随着年龄增长和相关干预措施的介入, 其认知、适应性等方面均可达到正常发展水平, 并且不再符合自闭症的诊断标准, 即达到了“最佳结果”。但多数个体仍然存在不同程度的剩余缺陷。本文以自闭症预后结果评定和“最佳结果”定义演变为切入点, 分析“最佳结果”个体剩余缺陷的具体表现, 并梳理此类群体的个体特征与结果预测因素, 以期能为自闭症个体的系统干预提供有效依据。
神经病学、精神病学医学研究方法教育
自闭症儿童痊愈最佳结果剩余缺陷
朱慧敏,连福鑫,林云强.自闭症儿童能否痊愈?——来自谱系个体“最佳结果”及剩余缺陷研究的证据分析[EB/OL].(2023-03-28)[2025-10-14].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202303.09177.点此复制
Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are generally assumed to be lifelong due to its poor prognosis. However, more sophisticated research has shown that autistic children diagnosed and treated at earlier ages are able to enter the normal range of cognitive and adaptive skills. With proper intervention, meanwhile, they lose their autism diagnosis and achieve optimal outcomes. That said, most of them still display varying degrees of residual deficits. This paper first describes ASD outcomes and traces the definitional evolution of optimal outcomes. It then analyses the distribution of optimal outcome children, with a particular focus on residual deficits. In so doing, the paper teases out individual characteristics and predictors of outcome in this group to provide empirical and effective evidence for systematic intervention in children with ASD.
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