肢体运动信息如何在工作记忆中存储?

Studiesregarding the multicomponent model of working memory mainly focus on thestorage of featural properties, spatiotemporal properties and verbalinformation of objects, as well as the binding of these information (e.g.,Allen et al., 2015; Fellman et al., 2017; Logie, 1995; Son et al., 2020; Zhaoet al., 2019). The storage of limb movement information has not been explored.Limb movements are one of the importantways individuals interact with their environment. Exploring the storage of limbmovement information is helpful to deeply clarify the storage modes of varioustypes of information, as well as understand how different types of informationtranscoded and interacted with each other. Smyth et al. (1988) proposed twotypes of limb movements, i.e., movement pattern (including a gesture ormovement to be imitated, such as an arabesque in ballet) and movement topositions in space (such as picking up a pen) according to the different goalsof movements. The goal of movement pattern is the body pattern, whereasachieving a spatial target is the goal of movement to positions in space. Inother words, movement pattern refers to kinesthetic or motor coding inimitation; movement to positions in space refers to the use of movement invisuo-spatial processing. In the field of perception and working memory forlimb movement, previous studies did not regard the two types of limb movementsas a whole. On the contrary, they usually explored the storage of informationof movement to positions in space and body movement patterns informationrespectively or even compared them in one study. Based on this, the currentstudy reviewed and compared the storage mechanism of these two types of limbmovement information. Studieson movement to positions in space have revealed that the working memory task ofmovement to positions affects the encoding of spatial working memory, but it isseparated from visual working memory and verbal working memory. In addition,information of movement to positions in space shared brain area (the superiorparietal lobule) with spatial information of the object rather than with verbalinformation and information of the objects featural properties; information ofmovement to positions in space activates unique brain areas (the contralateralmotor cortex, the primary motor cortex, the ventral supplementary motor area,the left supramotor cortical areas and the primary motor cortex, etc.) that areindependent of the other three kinds of information. Researches on bodymovement patterns have revealed that working memory for body movement patternsand verbal working memory are separated. In addition, the storage of bodymovement patterns only activates the brain regions that store spatialinformation of the object, rather than the brain regions that store informationof the objects featural properties and verbal information. More importantly,only the storage of body movement patterns activates the movement-relatedcortex (the middle temporal). Therefore, the storage of two kinds of limbmovement information is independent of the phonological loop and the visualsubsystem in the visuospatial sketchpad and needs the participation of thespatial subsystem in the visuospatial sketchpad; movement to positions in spaceand body movement patterns activate different movement-related cortexes thatare independent of the phonological loop, the visual subsystem and the spatialsubsystem in the visuospatial sketchpad. These resultsshow that the existing multicomponent model of working memory cannot fullyexplain the storage of limb movement information. It is implied that there is alimb movement system in the working memory system that is specific to limbmovement information, belongs to visuospatial sketchpad and coexists with thevisual subsystem and spatial subsystem. The brain areas activated in the limbmovement system vary with different kinds of limb movements.