纳米二氧化硅颗粒对ICR小鼠急性毒性作用的研究

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the acute toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles (SNPs) through intravenous administration in mice. We estimated the lethal dose 50 (LD50) of SNPs using Dixon's up-and-down method as 262.45 ± 33.78 mg/kg through intravenous administration in mice. Then the acute toxicology research was evaluated at the 14 d following intravenous injection of SNPs at 29.5, 103.5 and 177.5 mg/kg in mice. SNPs mainly distributed in liver (10.24 %ID/g), spleen (34.78 %ID/g), and lung (1.96 %ID/g) by silicon content analysis using ICP-OES, and accumulated in resident macrophages in these organs, with a small amount in hepacytes in liver, in capillary endothelial cells in lung and kidney observed by TEM imaging. The level of biochemical index such as LDH, AST and ALT elevated in SNPs treated groups. Histological examination showed lymphocytic infiltration, granuloma formation, hydropic degeneration in hepatocytes in liver, and foreign body giant cells (FBGCs) accumulation in spleen in SNPs treated groups, meanwhile, the numbers and areas of granuloma in liver and FBGCs numbers in spleen increased in a dose dependent manner. Macrophages accumulation and pneumonemia were also abserved in SNPs treated groups. The results suggested SNPs induced injury in liver, spleen and lung, during the procedure mononuclear phagocytic cells may play important roles.