早期编程活动对于幼儿执行功能的促进作用
Effects of Early Coding Education on Kindergarteners’ Executive Functioning
近年来编程教育开始频频出现于早期教育领域中，然而少有研究考察早期编程活动对于幼儿发展的效果。因此，本研究考察早期编程活动对于幼儿执行功能（早期学业能力和入学准备的重要能力）发展的作用。实验组和对照组各16名幼儿，男女各半，年龄均在5-6岁。实验组幼儿参加持续8周的基于可编程玩具（蜜蜂机器人）的早期编程活动（每周一次，每次30-40分钟），并对幼儿的掌握情况进行评定，以评估早期编程活动的可行性。分别采用认知任务和教师评定两种方式对实验组和对照组的幼儿的执行功能（工作记忆，调节能力，抑制能力）进行前测和后测。结果表明，实验组幼儿能够掌握大部分编程理念，并顺利完成大多编程活动；此外，在控制了前测的基线水平之后，后测中实验组在执行功能认知任务上的表现要显著好于对照组，而实验组在工作记忆相关行为上的表现要显著高于对照组，但是在调节能力和抑制能力相关的行为表现上没有显著差异。这些结果表明早期编程活动（基于可编程玩具）在幼儿阶段开展的可行性，同时表明早期编程活动能够提高幼儿的执行功能。
教育计算技术、计算机技术科学、科学研究
早期编程执行功能学前儿童
薛靖,寿嫣娜.早期编程活动对于幼儿执行功能的促进作用[EB/OL].(2024-01-11)[2025-09-22].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202401.00183.点此复制
Recent studies from international journals indicated the feasibility of early programming education and its effects on children’s cognitive skills and early academic skills. However, there is a paucity that these studies did not examine how early programming education promoted children’s executive functioning (an essential skill for early academic skills and school readiness). Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effect of early programming activities on children’s executive functioning. Participants were 32 5-year-old and 6-year-old children (16 boys and 16 girls) attending in the third year of kindergarten in Shanghai, and were randomly divided into two groups, i.e., the experimental group and the control group. Children in both groups received a pretest and posttest of executive functioning. Children in the experimental group attended early programming activities that were performed with Bee-Bot (programming tool) lasted for eight weeks, and they were also evaluated on learning outcomes at the end of all activities. Results showed that children in experimental group had a grasp of the programming ideas and could complete most of the activities. Children in experimental group also performed better on an executive functioning task and were rated higher on working memory scale than these in control group, controlling for the pretest.
Early Coding Educationkindergartenersexecutive functioning
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