真菌光受体及其功能研究进展

Light is one of the most important environmental factors for almost all organisms. In fungi, varied physiological and metabolic processes, including vegetative growth and development, biological clocks entrainment, sexual or asexual reproduction, can be affected by light. The basic mechanism for light sensing in fungi derives from the photo receptors they possess, and the core of all receptor types is a chromophore, such as flavin, retinal, or linear tetrapyrrols for blue-, green-, or red-light sensing, respectively. Whereas the blue-light response via the conserved White collar complex (White collar 1 and 2) in fungi is one of the best-studied light responses, all other light-sensing mechanisms, such as opsins, phytochromes, VIVID and cryptochromes, are less well studied. On account of the fact that fungi can either play as pathogens both plant and animals or provide beneficial materials to humans, understanding light-sensing in fungi should be of practical interest in the future.