基于表型的棉花遗传多样性分析及核心材料的筛选

In that DNA diversity detected nowadays could not mean phenotypic diversity, it is the precondition of breeding project and basic research of crop improvement that genetic diversity analysis and sampling of core collection by phenotypes. Ninety-two cultivars (belonging to G. hirsutum L, G. barbadence L or G. arboreum L) were phenotyped on nine traits, and the statistic (variation coefficient, special p.c., Shannon-Weaver diversity index, etc.) indicated that there exists high level of phenotypic diversity of 9 traits among the 92 accessions. According to the software NTSYS-pc, the cluster analysis by the unweighted pair group method of arithmetic (UPGMA) means were conducted based on the pair similarity and genetic distance, and 92 accessions were classified. The classification is mostly consistent with species and known pedigree information. Using the software QGAStation, 22 accessions were sampled from the original population to make up the core collection. The statistic (the mean difference percentage (MD%), the variance difference percentage (VD%), the coincidence rate (CR%) and the variable rate (VR%)) of the core collection in terms of the original population showed that the genetic diversity of core collection was approximately equal to the original population. The results of genetic diversity analysis and sampling of core collection by phenotypes would provide reference for many projects (e.g. parent-selection of hybridization, genetic-material-selection of basic research).