Gliese 12 b, A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 Parsecs Discovered with TESS and CHEOPS
Gliese 12 b, A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 Parsecs Discovered with TESS and CHEOPS
We report on the discovery of Gliese 12 b, the nearest transiting temperate, Earth-sized planet found to date. Gliese 12 is a bright ($V=12.6$ mag, $K=7.8$ mag) metal-poor M4V star only $12.162\pm0.005$ pc away from the Solar System with one of the lowest stellar activity levels known for an M-dwarf. A planet candidate was detected by TESS based on only 3 transits in sectors 42, 43, and 57, with an ambiguity in the orbital period due to observational gaps. We performed follow-up transit observations with CHEOPS and ground-based photometry with MINERVA-Australis, SPECULOOS, and Purple Mountain Observatory, as well as further TESS observations in sector 70. We statistically validate Gliese 12 b as a planet with an orbital period of $12.76144\pm0.00006$ days and a radius of $1.0\pm{0.1}$ R$_\oplus$, resulting in an equilibrium temperature of $\sim$315K. Gliese 12 b has excellent future prospects for precise mass measurement, which may inform how planetary internal structure is affected by the stellar compositional environment. Gliese 12 b also represents one of the best targets to study whether Earth-like planets orbiting cool stars can retain their atmospheres, a crucial step to advance our understanding of habitability on Earth and across the Galaxy.
Georgina Dransfield、Thomas G. Wilson、Matthew J. Hooton、Annelies Mortier、Mathilde Timmermans、Su Wang、Larissa Palethorpe、Ken Rice、Emma Nabbie、Fan Li、Shishir Dholakia、Chelsea X. Huang、Michelle Kunimoto、Mark E. Everett、Alexander Venner、Daisy A. Turner、Andrew Vanderburg、Duncan Wright、Catriona A. Murray、Ryan Cloutier、David W. Latham、Mercedes L¨?pez-Morales、Robert A. Wittenmyer、Joseph D. Twicken、Bin Li、Amaury Triaud、Elsa Ducrot、Scott McDermott、Zahra Essack、Simon Murphy、Micha?l Gillon、Laetitia Delrez、Vincent Van Eylen、Sara Seager、Walter Boschin、David Ciardi
School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UKCavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, UKSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKAstrobiology Research Unit, University of Li¨¨ge, Li¨¨geCAS Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, ChinaSUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UKSUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UKUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaCAS Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, ChinaUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaDepartment of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USANSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, Tucson, USAUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKDepartment of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USAUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaDepartment of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USADepartment of Physics \& Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, CanadaCenter for Astrophysics-Harvard Smithsonian, Cambridge, USACenter for Astrophysics-Harvard Smithsonian, Cambridge, USAUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaCAS Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, ChinaCAS Key Laboratory of Planetary Sciences, Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, ChinaSchool of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UKAIM, CEA, CNRS, Universit¨| Paris-Saclay, Universit¨| de Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceProto-Logic Consulting LLC, Washington, DC, USADepartment of Physics and Astronomy, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USAUniversity of Southern Queensland Centre for Astrophysics, Toowoomba, AustraliaAstrobiology Research Unit, Universit¨| de Li¨¨ge, Li¨¨ge, BelgiumAstrobiology Research Unit, University of Li¨¨ge, Li¨¨geMullard Space Science Laboratory, University College London, Surrey, UKDepartment of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USAFundaci¨?n Galileo Galilei - INAFNASA Exoplanet Science Institute, IPAC, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
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Georgina Dransfield,Thomas G. Wilson,Matthew J. Hooton,Annelies Mortier,Mathilde Timmermans,Su Wang,Larissa Palethorpe,Ken Rice,Emma Nabbie,Fan Li,Shishir Dholakia,Chelsea X. Huang,Michelle Kunimoto,Mark E. Everett,Alexander Venner,Daisy A. Turner,Andrew Vanderburg,Duncan Wright,Catriona A. Murray,Ryan Cloutier,David W. Latham,Mercedes L¨?pez-Morales,Robert A. Wittenmyer,Joseph D. Twicken,Bin Li,Amaury Triaud,Elsa Ducrot,Scott McDermott,Zahra Essack,Simon Murphy,Micha?l Gillon,Laetitia Delrez,Vincent Van Eylen,Sara Seager,Walter Boschin,David Ciardi.Gliese 12 b, A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 Parsecs Discovered with TESS and CHEOPS[EB/OL].(2024-05-21)[2025-08-21].https://arxiv.org/abs/2405.13118.点此复制
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