合成生物学赋能：从学科发展到产业转化

Synthetic biology revolutionizes the comprehension of life systems from an engineering perspective, employing a bottomupapproach in life science research. It adopts an iterative research paradigm of design-build-test-learn in life science research andcreates engineered new life systems grounded in genomics and systems biology. This provides a new pathway of from creation tounderstanding for life sciences, departing from the traditional reductionist research strategy of study the whole to understand theparts and opening up a new culture of building to understand the essence of life. Additionally, synthetic biology elevates existingbiotechnologies previously based on simulating natural processes and genetic engineering modifications to a level of quantitativerational design and standardized construction testing, pushing bioengineering and metabolic engineering towards efficient,universal engineering reprogramming and even de novo construction, thereby achieving the goal of building to use. This studyreviews the significant progress of synthetic biology in the aspect of building to understand in basic life science research in recentyears, providing specific cases of its building to use in fields such as chemical engineering, medicine, food, and the environment,showcasing the profound impact synthetic biology is exerting on the comprehensive development of human society. Moreover, itunderscores the importance of constructing a convergent ecosystem and governance framework to foster the robust and expeditiousdevelopment of synthetic biology.