小花老鼠簕可培养细菌多样性及其生物学活性研究
小花老鼠簕（Acanthus ebracteatus）是一种生长在红树生态系统的珍稀真红树植物，具有较高的药用价值。该文旨在通过研究小花老鼠簕内生及根际可培养细菌多样性，挖掘其潜在新物种及具有特殊生物学活性的菌株。利用 7 种不同培养基，通过传统稀释涂布法对小花老鼠簕各植物组织及根际土壤可培养细菌进行分离，基于16S rRNA 基因序列解析其内生及根际细菌群落结构和多样性特征，并应用植物病原菌平板对峙实验和平铺捕食活性测试分析其可培养细菌的抗菌活性。结果表明：（1）基于 16S rRNA 基因序列分析，发现从小花老鼠簕的根、茎、叶、花及根际土壤中共分离得到 144 株可培养细菌，这些细菌隶属于 18目 26 科 37 属 66 种，芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）和链霉菌属（Streptomyces）为优势菌属，分别占细菌种数的 15.1 %及 13.6 %；（2）拮抗多种植物病原菌试验结果表明，获得 29 株具有拮抗植物病原菌活性的细菌，10 株具有广谱抑菌活性，其中链霉菌属菌株拮抗作用最强，且菌株 Y129 为潜在新物种；（3）捕食活性测试结果显示有 5 株细菌对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（Multi-drug resistance Staphylococcusaureus）及大肠埃希氏菌（Escherichia coli）具有捕食活性，假单胞菌属菌株捕食活性最强，其中菌株 Y90 为潜在新物种。综上，红树植物小花老鼠簕及其根际土壤中蕴含着丰富的细菌种质资源且具有多种生物活性，可作为生防菌和药源菌的来源之一，该研究结果也为提高红树植物小花老鼠簕的药效和栽培奠定了基础。
微生物学植物学生物科学研究方法、生物科学研究技术
小花老鼠簕，可培养细菌，植物病原菌，捕食活性
黄庶识,黄媛林,胡文进,朱俊华,李喆,潘信利,王巧贞.小花老鼠簕可培养细菌多样性及其生物学活性研究[EB/OL].(2022-04-29)[2025-10-13].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202205.00006.点此复制
Acanthus ebracteatus is a special kind of rare mangrove plant, possessinggreat medicinal value. In this paper, by studying the diversity of endophytic andrhizosphere culturable bacteria in the A. ebracteatus, we explored new potentialbacterial species and strains with special biological activities. The culturable bacteriawere isolated from A. ebracteatus by dilution separation method. The bacterialdiversity was investigated based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. In addition,the confrontation experiment and lawn predation assay were utilized to screenbacteria with anti-microorganism activities. The results were as follows: (1) A total of144 culturable bacteria were isolated from A. ebracteatus root, stems, leaves, flowersand rhizosphere soil. These bacteria were affiliated into 66 species based on theanalysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence. The bacterial genera Bacillus andStreptomyces were dominant in plant tissue and rhizosphere soil with that of the value15.1% and 13.6%, respectively. (2) The bioactivity assays revealed that there were29 strains with anti-fungal activity and 10 strain possessing a broad spectrum ofanti-fungal activity. Among them, the Streptomyces strains have the strongestantagonistic effect, and the active strain Y129 was a potential new species; (3) A totalof five strains showed predation activity on Staphylococcus aureus, Multi-drugresistance Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas has thestrongest predatory activity, and the active strain Y90 was a potential new species. A.ebracteatus and their rhizosphere soils contain rich bacterial germplasm resources andhave a variety of functional strains, which can be used as one of the sources ofbiocontrol bacteria and medicinal bacteria. This study also lay a foundation forimproving the efficacy and cultivation of A. ebracteatus.
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