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基于叶片生理指标的小麦芽期耐盐性评价

中文摘要英文摘要

土壤盐渍化严重影响小麦生产,提高小麦耐盐性是应对土壤盐渍化的主要生物途径之一。小麦芽期亦是对盐分较为敏感的时期,小麦芽期耐盐性的强弱对对盐碱地小麦种植至关重要。为探讨利用叶片生理指标进行小麦芽期耐盐性评价的可行性,该文以沧麦 6005 及其 73 个叠氮化钠诱变家系为试验材料,在超纯水和 40%人工海水条件下,对芽期叶片中脯氨酸、可溶性糖、总蛋白和可溶性蛋白的含量,以及过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性等进行测定,利用主成分分析和聚类分析进行小麦芽期耐盐性综合评价。结果表明:(1)在 40%人工海水盐胁迫下,小麦芽期叶片中脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量增加,总蛋白和可溶性蛋白含量降低。过氧化物酶(POD)活性增强,而过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性减弱。(2)主成分分析中第 1 和第 4 主成分是小麦芽期叶片耐盐的酶活响应因子,第 2 和第 3 主成分是小麦芽期叶片耐盐的渗透调节因子。(3)在耐盐性评价中,沧麦 6005 芽期耐盐性鉴定等级为 2 级(耐盐),耐盐等级鉴定为 1 级(高耐)的家系为 SAM1、SAM49 和 SAM59,这与田间生产实践经验一致。综上认为,过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,以及脯氨酸和可溶性糖含量可以作为叶片生理指标进行小麦芽期耐盐性评价。本研究结果可为利用叶片生理指标进行小麦芽期耐盐性评价提供参考。

Soil salinization seriously impacts wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ) production. Improving salinitytolerance is one of the main biological approaches responding to the problem. The germination stage is alsosensitive to salt, and the salt tolerance at the germination stage is very important for wheat planting insaline-alkali land. In order to explore the feasibility of using physiological indexes of leaves to evaluatesalt tolerance of wheat at germination stage, CM6005 and its 73 sodium azide mutagenesis families wereused as experimental materials. The contents of proline, soluble sugar, total protein and soluble protein, aswell as the activities of peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the leaves were measured under the conditions of ultra-pure water and 40% artificial sea water, and principalcomponent analysis and cluster analysis were used to evaluate the salt tolerance of the wheats. The resultswere as follows: (1) Under 40% artificial sea water salt stress, the contents of proline and soluble sugarincreased, but the contents of total protein and soluble protein decreased. The activity of peroxidase(POD)increased, and the catalase(CAT) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity decreased. (2) In principalcomponent analysis, the first and the fourth principal components were two factors of the response ofsalt-tolerant enzyme system, and the second and third principal components were mainly two factors ofosmotic adjustment of salt tolerance in wheat leaves at the stage of germination. (3) In the evaluation ofsalt tolerance, the salt tolerance grade of CM6005 was 2(salt tolerance) , and the salt tolerance grade ofthe lines was 1(high salt tolerance), which were SAM1, SAM49 and SAM59. On the whole, the activityof peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as the content of prolineand soluble sugar could be used as physiological indexes to evaluate the salt tolerance of wheat atgermination stage. These results can be used as a reference for the evaluation of salt tolerance in wheatbased on physiological indexes of leaves at the germination stage.

王伟伟、钮力亚、陆莉、于亮、王奉芝、刘艳涛、王伟、王志

10.12074/202105.00032V1

农作物生理学植物学

小麦芽期生理指标耐盐性综合评价

王伟伟,钮力亚,陆莉,于亮,王奉芝,刘艳涛,王伟,王志.基于叶片生理指标的小麦芽期耐盐性评价[EB/OL].(2021-04-29)[2025-08-23].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202105.00032.点此复制

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