BICEP / Keck XIII: Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season
BICEP / Keck XIII: Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season
We present results from an analysis of all data taken by the BICEP2, Keck Array and BICEP3 CMB polarization experiments up to and including the 2018 observing season. We add additional Keck Array observations at 220 GHz and BICEP3 observations at 95 GHz to the previous 95/150/220 GHz data set. The $Q/U$ maps now reach depths of 2.8, 2.8 and 8.8 $\mu{\mathrm K}_{cmb}$ arcmin at 95, 150 and 220 GHz respectively over an effective area of $\approx 600$ square degrees at 95 GHz and $\approx 400$ square degrees at 150 & 220 GHz. The 220 GHz maps now achieve a signal-to-noise on polarized dust emission exceeding that of Planck at 353 GHz. We take auto- and cross-spectra between these maps and publicly available WMAP and Planck maps at frequencies from 23 to 353 GHz and evaluate the joint likelihood of the spectra versus a multicomponent model of lensed-$\Lambda$CDM+$r$+dust+synchrotron+noise. The foreground model has seven parameters, and no longer requires a prior on the frequency spectral index of the dust emission taken from measurements on other regions of the sky. This model is an adequate description of the data at the current noise levels. The likelihood analysis yields the constraint $r_{0.05}<0.036$ at 95% confidence. Running maximum likelihood search on simulations we obtain unbiased results and find that $\sigma(r)=0.009$. These are the strongest constraints to date on primordial gravitational waves.
C. Tucker、M. Crumrine、G. P. Teply、E. Bullock、G. Halal、B. L. Schmitt、G. C. Hilton、BICEP/Keck Collaboration、H. T. Nguyen、H. Hui、J. Grayson、J. R. Cheshire IV、T. Namikawa、R. V. Sudiwala、C. D. Sheehy、S. R. Hildebrandt、K. D. Irwin、R. O'Brient、J. J. Bock、H. Yang、Z. Ahmed、H. Boenish、S. Fatigoni、K. G. Megerian、R. W. Ogburn IV、L. Minutolo、K. S. Karkare、M. Halpern、T. St Germaine、D. Barkats、P. Grimes、M. Eiben、A. C. Weber、V. Buza、P. A. R. Ade、S. Henderson、K. W. Yoon、A. Soliman、N. Goeckner-Wald、:、J. Cornelison、T. Prouve、A. G. Vieregg、S. Kefeli、D. Beck、Y. Nakato、E. Karpel、B. Racine、C. Pryke、J. Hubmayr、E. Hand、L. Zeng、J. Kang、K. Lau、S. Palladino、C. Umilta、A. Schillaci、J. Connors、E. Young、W. L. K. Wu、G. Hall、K. L. Thompson、D. V. Wiebe、A. Cukierman、A. Lennox、C. Verges、S. Zhang、L. Moncelsi、S. Richter、S. Fliescher、C. Yu、S. Harrison、J. Willmert、A. Wandui、S. A. Kernasovskiy、C. Bischoff、C. D. Reintsema、D. C. Goldfinger、B. Steinbach、E. M. Leitch、R. Schwarz、M. Amiri、E. V. Denison、R. Basu Thakur、A. Turner、J. P. Filippini、M. Dierickx、L. Duband、J. E. Tolan、C. L. Kuo、C. L. Wong、C. Zhang、J. M. Kovac
Cardiff UniversityUniversity of MinnesotaCaltechMinnesota Institute for AstrophysicsStanford UniversityHarvard/CfANISTCardiff UniversityNASA JPLCaltechStanford UniversityMinnesota Institute for AstrophysicsThe University of TokyoCardiff UniversityBrookhaven National LaboratoryCaltechStanford UniversityCaltechCaltechStanford UniversityKIPAC/SLACHarvard/CfAUniversity of British ColumbiaNASA JPLStanford UniversityCaltechHarvard/CfAUniversity of British ColumbiaHarvard/CfAHarvard/CfAHarvard/CfAHarvard/CfANASA JPLUniversity of ChicagoCardiff UniversityKIPAC/SLACStanford UniversityCaltechStanford UniversityCardiff UniversityHarvard/CfASBT GrenobleUniversity of ChicagoCaltechKIPAC/SLACStanford UniversityStanford UniversityHarvard/CfAUniversity of MinnesotaNISTUniversity of CincinnatiHarvard/CfAStanford UniversityUniversity of MinnesotaUniversity of CincinnatiUniversity of CincinnatiCaltechHarvard/CfAStanford UniversityKIPAC/SLACUniversity of MinnesotaStanford UniversityUniversity of British ColumbiaStanford UniversityUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignHarvard/CfACaltechCaltechHarvard/CfAUniversity of MinnesotaStanford UniversityHarvard/CfAUniversity of MinnesotaCaltechStanford UniversityUniversity of CincinnatiNISTHarvard/CfACaltechUniversity of ChicagoUniversity of MinnesotaUniversity of British ColumbiaNISTCaltechNASA JPLUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignHarvard/CfASBT GrenobleStanford UniversityStanford UniversityHarvard/CfACaltechHarvard/CfA
10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.151301
天文学
C. Tucker,M. Crumrine,G. P. Teply,E. Bullock,G. Halal,B. L. Schmitt,G. C. Hilton,BICEP/Keck Collaboration,H. T. Nguyen,H. Hui,J. Grayson,J. R. Cheshire IV,T. Namikawa,R. V. Sudiwala,C. D. Sheehy,S. R. Hildebrandt,K. D. Irwin,R. O'Brient,J. J. Bock,H. Yang,Z. Ahmed,H. Boenish,S. Fatigoni,K. G. Megerian,R. W. Ogburn IV,L. Minutolo,K. S. Karkare,M. Halpern,T. St Germaine,D. Barkats,P. Grimes,M. Eiben,A. C. Weber,V. Buza,P. A. R. Ade,S. Henderson,K. W. Yoon,A. Soliman,N. Goeckner-Wald,:,J. Cornelison,T. Prouve,A. G. Vieregg,S. Kefeli,D. Beck,Y. Nakato,E. Karpel,B. Racine,C. Pryke,J. Hubmayr,E. Hand,L. Zeng,J. Kang,K. Lau,S. Palladino,C. Umilta,A. Schillaci,J. Connors,E. Young,W. L. K. Wu,G. Hall,K. L. Thompson,D. V. Wiebe,A. Cukierman,A. Lennox,C. Verges,S. Zhang,L. Moncelsi,S. Richter,S. Fliescher,C. Yu,S. Harrison,J. Willmert,A. Wandui,S. A. Kernasovskiy,C. Bischoff,C. D. Reintsema,D. C. Goldfinger,B. Steinbach,E. M. Leitch,R. Schwarz,M. Amiri,E. V. Denison,R. Basu Thakur,A. Turner,J. P. Filippini,M. Dierickx,L. Duband,J. E. Tolan,C. L. Kuo,C. L. Wong,C. Zhang,J. M. Kovac.BICEP / Keck XIII: Improved Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves using Planck, WMAP, and BICEP/Keck Observations through the 2018 Observing Season[EB/OL].(2021-10-01)[2025-06-23].https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.00483.点此复制
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