中国沿海不同纬度带互花米草适应策略对比研究

Soiland plant samples of Spartina alterniflora saltmarsh were collected in nine provinces along the coastal region of China according to the latitude, the changes of S.alternifloragrowth indexes and environmental factors were analyzed, to study the S.alternifloraadaptation strategies in different latitudes zones. The results showed that: 1) There were significant differences in the growth and adaptability characteristics of S.alterniflora in different latitudes in China.The climate dondition of air temperature and annual precipitation drove the S. alterniflora growth characterisc, acordingly the S. alterniflora growed better in Fujian to Tianjin than it did in Guangdong and Guangxi.The S. alterniflora indivadule height was of 68.08 ~ 170.61 cm, of which the highest value occurred in Shanghai while the lowest value occurred in Guangdong. The S. alterniflora aboveground biomass was between 1.94 ~ 6.52 kg/m2, of which the highest value occurred in Fujian while the lowest value occurred in Guangdong. 2) The biomass allocation strategy of S.alterniflora in different latitudes was significantly different. From the high latitude to the low latitude region, the leaf biomass allocation ratio was decreased, the sexual reproduction biomass allocation ratiowas decreased, andthe stem biomassratiowas increased. Controlled by the climate condition of temperature, precipitation and soil total phosphorus content, the sexual reproduction biomass ratio in Shanghai to Tianjin was significantly higher than that in the low latitudes region of Zhejiang to Guangxi. The sexual reproduction biomass allocation ratio Ⅰ（14.47%）and Ⅱ（11.01%）is of the highest value in Fujian, which was 5.03 times and 5.80 times of that in Guangdong,respectively.3) The S.alternifloraadaptation strategy showed corresponding adjustment to coastal environment characteristics and changed with latitude zones. S.alterniflora in Fujian to Tianjin developed wellwithlarge-scale expansion potential, while it was dysplasia in Guangdong and Guangxi regionwithout potential for large-scale expansion.Theenvironmentcharacteristicsfrom Fujian to Zhejiang showed thebest haitat quality for S.alternifloragrowth.