被动式太阳房热性能的准稳态评价方法

In early design stage, an easy-to-use and systematic method to evaluate the dynamic thermal performance of passive solar house is needed. To solve this problem, this paper proposed a quasi-steady evaluation method, which used the total heat loss coefficient to characterize the heat isolation characteristics of a room, the total effective heat capacitance to the heat storage characteristics of a room, the total solar heat gain to the heat gain characteristic of a room. Besides, the overall thermal performance was characterized by the daily average difference of indoor and outdoor temperature, and the ratio of daily ranges of indoor and outdoor temperature. In addition, the quasi-steady prediction formula for hourly room temperature was derived based on the heat balance condition of indoor space, and validated by two passive solar houses. The validation cases demonstrated that the prediction results can be within the deviation range of ± 3.0 C. The sensitivity analysis, which was based on the prediction formula, revealed that only the total heat loss coefficient and the total solar heat gain has significant effect on the daily average difference of indoor and outdoor temperature, and the daily average difference of indoor and outdoor temperature is an exponential decay function of the total heat loss coefficient. Besides, the ratio of daily ranges of indoor and outdoor temperature is an exponential decay function of the total effective heat capacitance, when the total heat loss coefficient and the total solar heat gain have been determined. According to those functions, the optimization thermal design cases of the two validated passive house showed that the thermal characteristics of the building can be fast determined when the building dimensions are given.