分水前后黑河中游湿地景观破碎化过程及其驱动分析
Fragmentation process of wetlands landscape and its driving forces analysis in the middle reaches of the Heihe River around water redistribution
在遥感和GIS技术支持下，基于1992、2001、2010年遥感影像，选取斑块密度指数(PD)、斑块平均面积指数(MPS)、斑块形状破碎化指数(FS1、FS2)等具有典型生态意义的景观指数，结合转移矩阵模型，系统分析了黑河中游湿地景观的破碎化过程，并采用主成分分析方法，探讨了影响研究区湿地景观破碎化过程的驱动因子。结果表明：黑河中游分水前后，研究区湿地景观破碎化主要表现为斑块平均面积的萎缩，斑块密度的上升以及斑块形状破碎化指数的增大。整个研究时段内，研究区湿地斑块平均面积减少了1.47hm2，斑块密度的上升了0.002个ohm2；导致黑河中游湿地景观破碎化发生和发展的驱动力包含自然和人文两个方面。自然因子对湿地景观破碎化进程的影响则主要体现在水文、气温和降水上，而且气温对湿地景观破碎化进程的影响程度明显大于降水。社会经济因子则主要体现在人口和工农业生产等方面。
In this paper,the wetland landscape fragmentation process of the middle Heihe River Basin around water redistribution was analyzed by choosing some typical landscape index models, such as patch density, landscape internal habitat area index, mean patch size, FS, based on satellite images of 1992, 2001 and 2010. After that, the driving force of wetland landscape fragmentation process was researched through combining with Pearson correlation analysis, regression analysis and other analysis methods. The results indicated that fragmentation process of wetland landscape in the middle reaches of the Heihe River mainly expressed as the shrinkage of internal habitat area and mean patch size, the increase of fragmentation index and the enlargement of FS in the past 18 years. In the entire period of study, the mean patch size of the wetlands in middle Heihe River Basin decreased 48.95 hm2 corresponding to the patch density raised 0.002 Indohm-2. In terms of patch shape fragmentation index, it mainly expressed as the increasing of mean patch shape fragmentation index and area-weighted mean shape fragmentation index. Especially the values of the mean patch shape fragmentation index and area-weighted mean shape fragmentation index increased from 0.524, 0.269 to 0.556 and 0.276 between 1992 and 2010. So it can draw a conclusion that wetland landscape fragmentation has been the main manifestations of wetland degradation in the study area throughout the study period. The dominant driving force which led to the middle reach of the Heihe River wetland landscape fragmentation and development is human factors. The increased capacities as well as the expanding influence sphere of human activities act as the main cause of the middle reach of the Heihe River wetland landscape fragmentation. In addition, natural factors such as hydrology, temperature and precipitation also have significantly influence on the process of wetland landscape fragmentation. Furthermore, the temperature plays a significantly greater actor in the process of wetland landscape fragmentation compared with precipitation in the natural context of arid environments just like the middle Heihe River Basin.
赵锐锋、姜朋辉
水利调查、水利规划环境科学技术现状灾害、灾害防治
景观生态学黑河中游破碎化过程驱动力
Landscape EcologyMiddle reach of the Heihe RiverFragmentation processDriving forces
赵锐锋,姜朋辉.分水前后黑河中游湿地景观破碎化过程及其驱动分析[EB/OL].(2013-01-16)[2025-08-02].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201301-728.点此复制
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