典型固沙植物种子萌发和幼苗生长对土壤水分的响应
固沙植物种子萌发和幼苗生长是土地荒漠化治理的决定性环节，土壤水分是影响该环节的主要限制因 子。本研究通过室内盆栽实验，以花棒(Hedysarum scoparium)、柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii)和沙蒿(Artemisia desertorum)为研究对象，比较分析了不同水分梯度处理下(4%、6%、8%、10%、15%、20%和 25%)3 种固沙植物的种子 萌发特性与幼苗生长过程中的表型特征差异，探讨固沙植物种子萌发和幼苗生长对土壤水分变化的响应。结果表 明:(1)随着土壤水分的增加，3 种固沙植物的种子萌发特性均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。萌发率均随土壤水分的增 加表现出先增加后降低的趋势。其中，花棒在土壤水分为 15%、20%时萌发率最高，均为 83%;柠条锦鸡儿在土壤水 分为 10%时萌发率最高，为 73%;沙蒿种子萌发率在土壤水分为 15%时达到最大值 77.5%，随后慢慢降低，但变化不 显著。(2)3 种植物的叶面积和根长均随土壤水分的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势，比叶面积和根冠比呈现先降低 后增加的趋势。(3)花棒、柠条锦鸡儿、沙蒿幼苗分别在土壤水分为 10%、8%、20%时生物量最高，分别为 0.0733 g、 0.1142 g 和 0.0363 g，且地上生物量显著高于地下生物量(P<0.05)，但柠条锦鸡儿幼苗对地下生物量分配较花棒和 沙蒿更高。(4)3 种固沙植物的 SOD 活性、POD 活性、CAT 活性、Pro 含量、SS 含量以及 Chl 含量均随土壤水分的增加 呈先增高后降低的趋势，而 MDA 含量、膜透性以及相对含水量呈先降低后升高的趋势。基于以上结果，通过隶属函 数法分析得出 3 种固沙植物分别在土壤水分为 15%、8%和 8%时幼苗长势最好。因此，后续采用这 3 种固沙植物进 行植被恢复时，除考虑种子自身性状外，还应充分考虑由降雨条件引起的土壤水分的变化，以提高出苗率和幼苗生长的成功率。
Seed germination and the seedling growth of sand-fixing plants are decisive aspects of land desertifica- tion management, and soil moisture is the main limiting factor affecting these aspects. In this study, we compared and analyzed the seed germination of three sand-fixing plants under different moisture gradients (4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) in an indoor potting experiment using Hedysarum scoparium, Caragana korshinskii, and Artemisia desertorum to investigate the response of seed germination and seedling growth of sand- fixing plants to changes soil in moisture. The results showed that: (1) significant differences (P<0.05) were observed in the seed germination characteristics of the three sand-fixing plants as the soil moisture increased. The germina- tion rates tended to increase and then decrease as the soil moisture increased. C. scoparium had the highest germi- nation rate at 15% and 20% soil moisture (83.00% in both); C. korshinskii had the highest germination rate at 10% soil moisture (73.00% ); and the seed germination rate of A. desertorum reached the maximum value of 77.50% at 15% soil moisture, and then slowly decreased, although the change was not significant. (2) The leaf ar- ea and root length of the three plants showed tended to first increase and then decrease as the soil moisture in- creased, and the specific leaf area and root:crown ratio tended to decrease and then increase. (3) The highest bio- mass of C. scoparium, C. korshinski, and A. desertorum seedlings was 0.0733 g, 0.1142 g, and 0.0363 g at 10%, 8%, and 20% soil moisture, respectively, and the aboveground biomass was significantly higher than the below- ground biomass (P<0.05), although the allocation of belowground biomass by C. korshinski seedlings was higher than that of C. scoparium and A. desertorum. (4) The SOD activity, POD activity, CAT activity, Pro content, SS content, and Chl content of the three sand-fixing plants tended to increase and then decrease as the soil moisture increased, whereas the MDA content, membrane permeability, and relative water content tended to decrease and then increase. Based on the above results, it was concluded that the three sand-fixing plants of C. scoparium, C. korshinski, and A. desertorum had the best seedling growth at 15% , 8% and 8% soil moisture, respectively, through the analysis of the affiliation function method. Therefore, when these three sand-fixing plants are used for vegetation restoration, the changes in soil moisture caused by rainfall conditions should be fully considered in addition to the seedsown traits to improve the seedling emergence rate and the success of seedling growth.
申建香、张伊婧、李欣宇、杨竹青、牛金帅 (5）。、张 雪、张 波、王 磊
环境生物学植物学
土壤水分胁迫盆栽试验种子萌发幼苗生长表型
soil moisture stresspot experimentseed germinationseedling growthphenotype
申建香,张伊婧,李欣宇,杨竹青,牛金帅 (5）。,张 雪,张 波,王 磊.典型固沙植物种子萌发和幼苗生长对土壤水分的响应[EB/OL].(2024-06-12)[2025-08-24].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202406.00161.点此复制
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