气象因素对寒地玉米库性状及产量的影响

he formation of the maize grain yield is the result of growth environment, genotype and cultivation measures interaction, the annual yield fluctuation is mainly affected by the meteorological factors, and we know little about this, especially about the influence of meteorological factors on maize yield in cold region. In this paper, through study of the relationship between yield and yield of constitute factors with change of annual meteorological factors in Harbin area, to explore the correlation between meteorological factors of each stage and grain yield and find out the key factor. Research results show that the effects of meteorological factors in the maize whole growth period were that grain yield increased with the increase of precipitation, and quadratic curve change with increased of the sunshine hours, accumulated temperature can meet the requirements of maize growth. In emerge-jointing stage, grain yield was positively relative with accumulated temperature, and negatively correlated with precipitation and sunshine hours; in jointing-silking period, precipitation was the key factor to affect the grain yield. In silking-milky period, accumulated temperature become a key factor limiting yield; in the milky-ripe period, grain yield increased linearly with the increase of precipitation, and decreased with the increase of sunshine hours. Meteorological factors in key period contain silking are closely related to kernel number per ear, and that in 15 days-40 days after silking is a key factor to affect the seed weight. Accumulated temperature showed positive effect, precipitation was negative effect, and increasing temperature is helpful to improve the ear kernel number and kernel weight, which help to improve the grain yield. Therefore, accumulated temperature in the whole growth period can meet the needs of maize growth, its wave does not affect the yield. Increase of precipitation is helpful to grain yield, sunshine hours increase showed negative effect to grain yield.