焦金真 王 敏 刘勇 谭支良 胡兆民 汤少勋 周传社 贺志雄 韩雪峰 王竑晟
作者信息
摘要
牛、羊等反刍家畜可为人们提供优质牛羊肉和奶类，是可满足人民群众日益多元化食物消费需求的优质蛋白来源，发展高质量草食畜牧业是践行“大食物观”的具体措施。而基于全生命周期营养需求特征的饲草、饲料协同供给是实现反刍家畜产业节本增效、走高质量发展道路的关键要素。全生命周期营养工程是在吸收传统反刍家畜营养与日粮配制技术原理，以及对生命和健康认识取得新突破基础上发展起来的，其精髓在于依据系统整体营养调控理论，以动物全生命周期营养的短期和长期效应理论为基础，对日粮配制方案进行优化，并结合大数据、智能技术等而构建的精准营养理论和工程体系。与传统日粮优化配制技术相比，它具有明显的科学性、系统性和先进性。文章在简述反刍家畜全生命周期营养理论内涵及其意义的基础上，提出了我国反刍家畜全生命周期营养工程体系发展中存在的关键科技问题；对目前团队在反刍家畜特定阶段营养调控理论、日粮配制，以及生命早期营养对后代的长期影响基础研究等方面的实践探索做了概述。并以呼伦贝尔农垦现代生态草原羊产业发展为例，从全生命周期划分、全日粮配方原则、全产业链发展等方面提出了建设反刍家畜全生命周期营养工程、促进反刍家畜产业高质量发展的思考。
Abstract
Ruminant livestock such as cattle and sheep can provide high-quality beef, mutton and milk, which are high-quality proteinsources meeting the increasingly diverse food consumption needs for human being. Developing high-quality herbivorous animalhusbandry is a concrete practice of practicing the Greater Food approach. The precise supply of forages and concentrates meetingthe requirements of all nutrients in the whole life cycle is vital for cost saving and efficiency increasing of ruminant livestock industry, which is an important way to high-quality development. The whole life cycle nutrition is developed on the basis of traditional ruminantnutrition and new technologies made breakthroughs in understanding life and health. Its essence lies in optimizing the rationformulation based on the theory of systematic nutrition regulation and the theory of short-term and long-term effects of early lifenutrition, with a final goal to establish precision nutrition system in combination with technologies in big data and artificialintelligence. Compared with the traditional technology in ration formulation, it is obviously scientific, systematic, and progressive. Inthis study, the concept, significance, and goals of whole life cycle nutrition in ruminants are briefly introduced. This paper elaboratesthe key scientific issues and technological problems in the development of whole life cycle nutrition system of ruminant livestock inChina, and summarizes the research progress on nutrition regulation, diet formulation, and fundamental research on the long-termimpact of early life nutrition in ruminants. Finally, taking the development of modern grassland sheep industry in Hulun Buir StateFarm Conglomerate as an example, the concept of building whole life cycle nutrition and promoting high-quality development ofruminant livestock industry is discussed from the aspects of whole life cycle division, whole diet formula, and whole industry chain.关键词
全生命周期营养，反刍家畜，日粮配制，大食物观引用本文复制引用
焦金真,王 敏,刘勇,谭支良,胡兆民,汤少勋,周传社,贺志雄,韩雪峰,王竑晟.持续推进反刍家畜全生命周期营养工程的创新与发展[EB/OL].(2023-08-12)[2026-04-03].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202308.00154.学科分类
畜牧、动物医学/农业科学技术发展/农业科学研究
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