中国空气污染物排放的影响因素及其国际比较分析

In recent years, the deterioration of China air quality has become the major issue affecting people's livelihood. This paper based on the Ghosh (1958) input-output model provided by WIOD database in two developing countries such as China and India and two developed countries such as the United States and Japan from 1995 to 2009 and environmental accounts data for empirical research. First, from the supply-side of structural decomposition, air pollutant emissions can be decomposed into economic activity effect, emissions intensity effect, allocation structure effect and economic structure effect, then the effect of supply-side structure (allocation structure effect and economic structure effect) on air pollutants in China, India, the United States and Japan are analyzed in depth. The results show that: firstly, allocation structure effect promotes China air pollutants to increase sharply, the effect of economic structure is transformed from increasing the China air pollutants emissions into decreasing the China air pollutants emissions, the supply structure effect (allocation structure effect and economic structure effect) promote China air pollutants to increase gradually. Secondly, gas and water supply, other non-metallic mineral and basic metals and fabricated metal are three main sectors that contribute to the increase in China's total air pollutant emissions, and the supply-side structure (allocation structure effect and the economic structure effect) in three key polluting industries contribute to the increase in China air pollutants. Thirdly, in 1995-2009, the allocation structure effect is conducive to the reduction of air pollutant emissions in India and the United States, but it is not conducive to China and Japan's air pollutant emission reduction. The effect of economic structure in India, the United States and Japan reduce emissions of air pollutants, but it is an important factor in promoting China's air pollutant emissions.