碳氮供给对离体穗培养小麦籽粒微量元素及蛋白质含量的影响

Wheat(Triticum) is a major staple food crop in many parts of the world in terms of cultivated area and food source, contributing 28% of the world edible dry matter and up to 60% of the daily calorie intake in several developing countries. Therefore, the composition and nutritional quality of the wheat grain has a significant impact on human health and well-being, especially in developing countries. During the twentieth century, plant breeding and improved crop management techniques successfully increased grain yield of wheat, but the micronutrient and grain concentration were not improved simultaneously. Carbon and nitrogen supply can impact grain weight and protein concentration, however, their regulatory effects on micronutrient has not been reported. In this paper, the effect of carbon and nitrogen supply on grain weight, grain micronutrient and protein concentration were studied under the detached spike culture after anthesis 7 days and 16 days. The results showed that the grain weight and Fe and Mn concentration were increased with the sucrose content in culture solution increase, and were decreased in high sucrose treatment（6%）, while grain Zn, Cu and protein content were continuously decreased. Grain weight and grain Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu concentration were increased with the nitrogen content in culture solution increase, and were decreased in high nitrogen treatment（0.07%）, while grain protein content were continuously improved. There was similar change- tendency in the two times culture. Correlation analysis showed that grain Fe and Mn concentration were positively correlated with grain weight, Zn and Cu concentration were positively correlated with grain protein content significantly, and there were positively correlation between Fe and Zn and Mn also between Zn and Cu. This implied that grain Fe, Mn and grain weight may be increased simultaneously, and grain Zn, Cu and protein concentration may be improved simultaneously.