地面灌溉灌水器技术参数分析

Surface irrigation is still the main irrigation technology applied all over the world. But surface irrigation results in low water and fertilizer use efficiency owing to poor facilities. A surface fertigation system is put forward to improve facilities to increase water and fertilizer use efficiency of crops for surface irrigation. The surface fertigation system is composed of four parts, intake pipe, fertilizer applicator, water delivery pipe and surface watering device. The surface watering device is a kind of distributive hose with several water outlets in a fixed spacing, and is linked with water delivery pipe and is used to distribute water to furrow field or irrigation ditch. On the basis of the practical experience on border and furrow irrigation, the technical parameters of surface watering device, including spacing, flow and diameter of outlet pipe , flow and diameter of the distributive pipe, were analyzed in this paper. For the outlet pipe, the suitable spacing and length was respectively 20-500 and 10~100 cm, and the appropriate flow and diameter of the outlet pipe was respectively 0.1 ~ 18 l/s and 11 ~ 152 mm. The flow and diameter of the distributive pipe lie on the flow of water sources and the outlet pipes working together. Surface watering device has the advantage of simple structure, lower cost, high controllability, has a wide range of application and is suitable to combine with agricultural mechanization production. In view of the universality of surface irrigation, surface watering devices will become a vast new water-saving irrigation market. The study of this paper can provide support for the popularization and application of surface watering device in agricultural production.