生物质基水凝胶的研究进展

With the depletion of fossil fuel and the concern for environmental protection, the development of sustainable materials from lignocellulosic biomass is receiving increased attention. The biomass resources have excellent properties, such as biodegradability, bio-compatibility, and non-toxicity. The developments of biodegradable materials for substituting non-biodegradable materials have become the subject of great interests in material fields. Hydrogels are water-swollen polymeric materials that maintain a distinct three-dimensional structure, which attract continuously increased attention due to their capacity to hold water, flexibility, resilience, and ability to release incorporated agents, and stand out as popular depletion material candidates in a number of important applications, including tissue engineering, scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and food compounders. The hydeogels can be formed by cross-linking polymer chains. The cross-linkings of these polymers are a result of covalent, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces or physical entanglements. Hydrogels prepared with different crosslinking methods present different response to the environments such as temperature, pH, light, magnetic. This paper reviews the research progress of hydrogels based on the lignocellulosic components (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignin), chitosan, starch, and protein. The preparing mechanism of hydrogels was also discussed, such as hydrogen bonding, electrostatic, and chemical bonding. In addition, the applications of the hydrogels such as pharmaceutical, drug delivery, biosensors, artificial skin and mussels, oil industry, agriculture, water treatment, and textile industries were disscussed. ).