嫁接对网纹甜瓜果实成熟过程中乙烯生物合成及其关键酶基因表达的影响
Effects of Grafting on Ethylene Biosynthesis and the Key Enzymes genes Expression during the Ripening Period in Muskmelon Fruit
设施甜瓜嫁接栽培在获得高产、抗病的同时，也产生了果实品质下降、成熟期延迟等问题。为了探明嫁接延迟甜瓜果实成熟的生理机制，本试验以"新汉城翠蜜"网纹甜瓜为接穗, 以"圣砧一号"南瓜为砧木进行嫁接, 研究嫁接对网纹甜瓜果实成熟过程中乙烯生物合成及其关键酶基因表达的影响。结果表明：在网纹甜瓜果实成熟过程中，嫁接降低了网纹甜瓜果实中乙烯释放量，嫁接处理比自根网纹甜瓜果实中乙烯释放高峰出现时间延迟了3d，且其峰值较自根网纹甜瓜降低了9.31%。花后35-41d，嫁接处理明显降低了网纹甜瓜果实中ACS活性，使其ACC含量低于自根网纹甜瓜；花后44d至完熟期，嫁接处理与自根网纹甜瓜果实内ACS活性和ACC含量差别不明显。嫁接处理使网纹甜瓜果实中ACS活性峰值出现时间比自根网纹甜瓜延迟了3d，但并未使其果实中ACC含量峰值出现时间延迟。嫁接处理降低了果实中Cm-ACS1和Cm-ACS3 mRNA相对表达量峰值，但增加了Cm-ACS2 mRNA相对表达量的峰值，并使三者峰值出现时间比自根网纹甜瓜延迟了3d。嫁接处理降低了果实中ACO活性，并使其峰值出现时间比自根网纹甜瓜延迟了3d，这与乙烯释放量变化趋势相一致。网纹甜瓜果实中Cm-ACO1 mRNA相对表达量远高于Cm-ACO2和Cm-ACO3，且其与ACO活性变化趋势具有同步性。嫁接处理也降低了果实中Cm-ACO1 mRNA相对表达量，并使其峰值出现时间比自根网纹甜瓜延迟了3d。可见，嫁接处理抑制和延迟了Cm-ACO1 mRNA的表达可能是嫁接网纹甜瓜果实乙烯释放量降低、释放高峰延迟的重要原因之一。
Grafting improves the yield of the melon growing the protected cultivation and disease resistance, but the same time it delays the fruit ripening and declines the fruit qualities. In order to find out the mechanism of melon fruit ripening being delayed by grafting, we studied the effects of grafting on ethylene biosynthesis and the key enzymes genes expression during the ripening period in muskmelon fruit using the white pumpkin 'Shengzhen NO.1' as rootstock for the approach grafting, and the muskmelon 'New Seoul Honey' as scion. The results showed that grafting reduced the ethylene productions, delayed the peak of ethylene productions for 3 days and the peak value was reduced by 9.31% comparing with that of the own-root muskmelon during the muskmelon fruit ripening period. During the 35 to 41 days after the anthesis, grafting obviously reduced the ACS activities and ACCcontents of the muskmelon fruit, but there were no significant differences between the grafted muskmelon and own-root muskmelon during the 44 days after the anthesis to the maturation stage. Grafting delayed the peak of ACS activities for 3 days, but the same effects did't happen to the peak of ACC contents. Grafting reduced the peak value of Cm-ACS1 and Cm-ACS3 mRNA relative expression and enhanced the peak value of Cm-ACS2 mRNA relative expression, but delayed the peak of them for 3 days. Grafting resuced the ACO activities and delayed the peak of it for 3 days comparing with that of the own-root muskmelon, it was the similar to the changing trends of the ethylene productions. The relative expressions of Cm-ACO1 mRNA were well above Cm-ACO2 and Cm-ACO3 mRNA in muskmelon fruit, in addition, the changing trend was also synchronous with that of the ACO activities. Grafting also reduced the relative expressions of Cm-ACO1 mRNA and delayed the peak of it for 3 days comparing with that of the own-root muskmelon. Thus it can be seen that grafting suppressed and delayed the expression of Cm-ACO1 mRNA, is maybe one of the core reasons that the ethylene productions were reduced and the peak was delayed by grafting in muskmelon fruit.
邓传羽、张禹、王川泰、许传强
农业科学研究园艺植物学
蔬菜学嫁接网纹甜瓜乙烯生物合成合成酶氧化酶
OlericultureGraftingMuskmelonEthylene BiosynthsisACC SynthaseACC Oxidase
邓传羽,张禹,王川泰,许传强.嫁接对网纹甜瓜果实成熟过程中乙烯生物合成及其关键酶基因表达的影响[EB/OL].(2013-12-25)[2025-08-02].http://www.paper.edu.cn/releasepaper/content/201312-834.点此复制
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