大坝对鱼类生物的影响及其对策研究

he continuous ecosystems of natural rivers are altered by construction of dams, which has several negative impacts on fishes. Those mainly includes: (1) Barrier of fishes migration routes, (2) Changes of hydrological and hydraulic conditions for fishes spawning, (3) Reduction and destruction of habitats, (4) Influences of gas supersaturation, (5) Influences of discharged low-temperature water. This paper summarizes some research achievements home and abroad, and then it offers two kinds of solutions to those problems: One is engineering measure, such as installing environmentally friendly hydropower turbines and building ecological fish passages in hydraulic structures; the other is non-engineering measure, which includes Fishes Nature Reserves, ecological compensation and regulation, artificial propagation and stocking, etc.