The Energy Response of LaBr3(Ce), LaBr3(Ce,Sr), and NaI(Tl) Crystals for GECAM
The Energy Response of LaBr3(Ce), LaBr3(Ce,Sr), and NaI(Tl) Crystals for GECAM
Cheng-Er Wang Ke Gong Zheng-Hua An Yan-Bing Xu Pei-Yi Feng Shao-Lin Xiong Ya-Qing liu Xin-Qiao Li Xiao-Jing Liu Jia-Cong Liu Da-Li Zhang Sheng Yang Fan Zhang Hong Lu Jun-Jie Li Yong Deng Min Gao Xi-Lei Sun Chao Zheng Huang Jiang Xiao-Yun Zhao Xiang-Yang Wen
作者信息
摘要
The GECAM series of satellites utilizes LaBr3(Ce), LaBr3(Ce,Sr), and NaI(Tl) crystals as sensitive materials for gamma-ray detectors (GRDs). To investigate the non-linearity in the detection of low-energy gamma rays and address the errors in the calibration of the E-C relationship, comprehensive tests and comparative studies of the three aforementioned crystals were conducted using Compton electrons, radioactive sources, and monoenergetic X-rays. The non-linearity test results of the Compton electrons and X-rays demonstrated substantial differences, with all three crystals presenting a higher non-linearity for X/γ-rays than for Compton electrons. Despite the LaBr3(Ce) and LaBr3(Ce,Sr) crystals having higher absolute light yields, they exhibited a noticeable non-linear decrease in the light yield, especially at energies below 400 keV. The NaI(Tl) crystal demonstrated an "excess" light output in the 6–200 keV range, reaching a maximum "excess" of 9.2% at 30 keV in the X-ray testing and up to 15.5% at 14 keV during Compton electron testing, indicating a significant advantage in the detection of low-energy gamma rays. Furthermore, we explored the underlying causes of the observed non-linearity in these crystals. This study not only elucidates the detector responses of GECAM, but also initiates a comprehensive investigation of the non-linearity of domestically produced lanthanum bromide and sodium iodide crystals.
Abstract
The GECAM series of satellites utilizes LaBr3(Ce), LaBr3(Ce,Sr), and NaI(Tl) crystals as sensitive materials for gamma-ray detectors (GRDs). To investigate the non-linearity in the detection of low-energy gamma rays and address the errors in the calibration of the E-C relationship, comprehensive tests and comparative studies of the three aforementioned crystals were conducted using Compton electrons, radioactive sources, and monoenergetic X-rays. The non-linearity test results of the Compton electrons and X-rays demonstrated substantial differences, with all three crystals presenting a higher non-linearity for X/γ-rays than for Compton electrons. Despite the LaBr3(Ce) and LaBr3(Ce,Sr) crystals having higher absolute light yields, they exhibited a noticeable non-linear decrease in the light yield, especially at energies below 400 keV. The NaI(Tl) crystal demonstrated an "excess" light output in the 6–200 keV range, reaching a maximum "excess" of 9.2% at 30 keV in the X-ray testing and up to 15.5% at 14 keV during Compton electron testing, indicating a significant advantage in the detection of low-energy gamma rays. Furthermore, we explored the underlying causes of the observed non-linearity in these crystals. This study not only elucidates the detector responses of GECAM, but also initiates a comprehensive investigation of the non-linearity of domestically produced lanthanum bromide and sodium iodide crystals.关键词
LaBr3(Ce) detector/LaBr3(Ce/Sr) detector/NaI(Tl) detector/GECAM/Energy Response/Light Yield Non-linearityKey words
LaBr3(Ce) detector/LaBr3(Ce/Sr) detector/NaI(Tl) detector/GECAM/Energy Response/Light Yield Non-linearity引用本文复制引用
Cheng-Er Wang,Ke Gong,Zheng-Hua An,Yan-Bing Xu,Pei-Yi Feng,Shao-Lin Xiong,Ya-Qing liu,Xin-Qiao Li,Xiao-Jing Liu,Jia-Cong Liu,Da-Li Zhang,Sheng Yang,Fan Zhang,Hong Lu,Jun-Jie Li, Yong Deng,Min Gao,Xi-Lei Sun,Chao Zheng,Huang Jiang,Xiao-Yun Zhao,Xiang-Yang Wen.The Energy Response of LaBr3(Ce), LaBr3(Ce,Sr), and NaI(Tl) Crystals for GECAM[EB/OL].(2023-12-15)[2026-05-19].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202312.00199.学科分类
粒子探测技术、辐射探测技术、核仪器仪表
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