碳水化合物对心血管疾病风险因素影响的Meta分析
Meta-analysis of the Effect Of Carbohydrates On Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors
背景?心血管疾病作为全球首要死亡原因，严重威胁人类的健康。饮食作为重要的干预手段备受关注，但碳水化合物对心血管疾病的影响尚未知。目的?分析碳水化合物摄入对心血管疾病风险相关性影响的证据。方法?计算机检索万方数据知识服务平台（Wanfang Data）、中国知网（CNKI）、维普信息资源系统（VIP）、中国生物医学文献数据库（SinoMed）、PubMed、Cochrane Library、EMBase 数据库，获取发表时间为建库至 2023 年 1 月的关于碳水化合物与心血管疾病风险的随机对照研究。由两名研究者分别独立提取文献数据，并进行文献质量评价。使用 RevMan 5.3 软件进行数据分析。结果?共纳入 16 项随机试验，碳水化合物能够降低三酰甘油水平，下降了 0.17mmol/L（95%CI=-0.24~-0.10，P<0.000 01）。持续 6 个月以下碳水化合物饮食干预使三酰甘油水平下降了 0.25 mmol/L（95%CI=-0.33~-0.17，P<0.000 01）；12~23 个 月 组 三 酰 甘 油 降 低 0.15 mmol/L（95%CI=-0.29~-0.01，P=0.04）。血浆高密度脂蛋白水平升高 0.09 mmol/L（95%CI=0.07~0.10，P<0.000 01），血浆低密度脂蛋白水平升高 0.10 mmol/L（95%CI=0.02~0.17，P=0.01）。结论?低碳水化合物饮食对心血管危险因素的总体影响在 6 个月以下和 6~11 个月时更加有利，但 2 年后对心血管危险因素没有显著影响，其长期影响需要进一步研究证实。
Background?As the leading cause of death in the worldcardiovascular diseases pose a serious threat to human health. Diet has attracted much attention as an important interventionbut the effect of carbohydrates on cardiovascular disease is unknown. Objective?To analyze the evidence of the correlation between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular disease risk. Methods?Wanfang Data,CNKI,VIP,SinoMed,PubMed,Cochrane Library and EMBase were searched by computer for randomized controlled trials on the risk of carbohydrates and cardiovascular disease published from inception to January 2023. Two researchers performed literature screeningdata extractionand quality evaluation separately. RevMan 5.3 was used for data analysis. Results?A total of 16 randomized trials were included. Carbohydrate could significantly reduce triglyceride level by 0.17 mmol/L95%CI=-0.24--0.10P<0.000 01. The level of triglyceride decreased by 0.25 mmol/L95%CI=-0.33--0.17P<0.000 01 in carbohydrate diet intervention for less than 6 monthsand 0.15 mmol/L95%CI=-0.29--0.01P=0.04 in 12-23 months group. Plasma HDL-C level increased by 0.09 mmol/L95%CI=0.07-0.10P<0.000 01and plasma LDL-C level increased by 0.10 mmol/L95%CI=0.02-0.17P=0.01. Conclusion?The overall effect of low carbohydrate diet on cardiovascular risk factors is more favorable below 6 months and 6-11 monthsbut it has no significant effect on cardiovascular risk factors after 2 yearsand its long-term effect needs further study.
赵锦鹏、李一光、刘荷君、徐银兰、冯焱
10.12114/j.issn.1007-9572.2023.0296
预防医学基础医学内科学
心血管疾病碳水化合物膳食血脂异常Meta 分析
赵锦鹏,李一光,刘荷君,徐银兰,冯焱.碳水化合物对心血管疾病风险因素影响的Meta分析[EB/OL].(2024-04-09)[2025-08-06].https://chinaxiv.org/abs/202404.00150.点此复制
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