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As urbanization intensifies, the synergistic stress of heat islands and air pollution poses significant challenges to urban sustainability, necessitating monitoring paradigms with higher spatiotemporal granularity. Conventional fixed-station networks, however, are constrained by their sparse distribution and inability to penetrate complex urban morphologies, leaving critical environmental ‘blind spots’.  This study establishes a dynamic urban sensing framework by leveraging the pervasive mobility of food delivery riders-an emerging paradigm of opportunistic sensing. Specifically, a multi-modal data chain integrating portable sensors, GPS, and first-person visual systems is constructed to characterize compound environmental exposures within street canyons. Field data reveals that these microenvironments exhibit ambient temperatures ranging from 31 to 39 °C, with perceived temperatures frequently exceeding 40 °C, while PM2.5 concentrations display a distinct bimodal pattern peaking at 80 μg/m³. The Average Daily Dose (ADD) of PM2.5 during evening peaks is quantified at 0.32 times the Reference Dose (RfD), a health burden amplified 1.5-fold by the metabolic demands of high-intensity cycling.  Furthermore, visual data facilitates the identification of ephemeral pollution sources, such as roadside barbecues, that typically evade stationary detection. Moving beyond diagnosis to intervention, an exposure risk map is constructed to inform adaptive governance strategies, including mandatory cooling intervals and shaded route prioritization. This study offers a scalable, cost-effective optimization of urban sensing systems and provides empirical support for human-centric decision-making in sustainable urban development.

产后焦虑发病率高，严重影响母亲心理健康与母婴关系。袋鼠式护理作为非药物干预手段，可有效缓解产后焦虑，但现有研究对其机制解释多停留在单一路径。本文系统整合其神经与生理机制，并在扩展母婴依恋理论的背景下，根据产后焦虑特征，分别从认知加工、情绪调节与行为强化层面提出了动态交互模型，以揭示袋鼠式护理缓解产后焦虑的作用机制。模型指出，袋鼠式护理可通过注意力转换与育儿自我效能增强重塑认知加工，通过压力减轻与睡眠改善提升情绪调节能力，通过积极反馈与母亲角色内化强化养育行为，三者相互作用，达到缓解产后焦虑的效果。在焦虑缓解的基础上促进母婴情感联结的深化，从而巩固干预效果。模型最终揭示袋鼠式护理缓解产后焦虑的心理—神经—行为的跨层级作用机制，为其临床应用与干预的推广提供理论基础。

针对高比例电力电子电力系统呈现“稳而不强”特性，以及传统渐近稳定性理论在刻画瞬态安全边界方面的局限，本文构建了新型电力系统动强度的概念架构与理论体系。研究基于非线性控制理论中的输入输出状态稳定性，在结构空间内确立了动强度的严格数学描述，揭示了在带宽竞争机制下，系统渐近稳定性（收敛速度）与动强度（抗扰裕度）之间存在的解耦乃至制约关系。在此理论基础上，本文构建了涵盖小扰动频域结构化鲁棒性能与大扰动时域多尺度安全裕度的多维量化体系；并引入“特征子系统”作为保持互联结构的降维映射工具，推导了可工程化应用的广义短路比指标，实现了从高维理论分析到低维工程判据的有效转化。此外，还基于动强度净增益提出了构网型装备的本质内涵与辨识准则，旨在为新型电力系统的规划补强与构网型控制技术应用提供坚实的理论支撑。

Long-lived non-equilibrium systems exhibit sustained activity and continuous dissipation without relaxing to equilibrium or collapsing into structural failure. While non-equilibrium dynamics are well studied, the conditions under which such dynamics can persist over extended time horizons remain insufficiently clarified. This work develops a minimal, process-level framework for understanding persistence in non-equilibrium systems. Rather than introducing new dynamical variables, equations, or predictive models, the analysis identifies a set of necessary constraints that any system must satisfy in order to remain a viable non-equilibrium steady state. These constraints are derived by exhaustively characterizing the generic failure space, which is shown to consist of two terminal modes: global equilibration and local freezing. Persistence is therefore framed not as an optimization problem, but as the avoidance of structurally unavoidable failure. Building on this foundation, the work further examines how non-equilibrium systems can be meaningfully compared with respect to long-term viability. It demonstrates that pointwise and ratio-based metrics are structurally ill-posed in far-from-equilibrium regimes due to irreversibility, historical accumulation, and projection effects. To address this limitation, a notion of structural equivalence is introduced, defined by shared capacity relations and failure modes rather than by metric similarity or mechanistic correspondence. Taken together, the two parts establish a strict logical ordering: persistence is a prerequisite for comparison, and structural equivalence is meaningful only within an admissible viability interval. The framework does not offer sufficient conditions, control strategies, or optimization targets. Instead, it delineates the boundary within which long-lived non-equilibrium operation is physically admissible and structurally comparable, independent of system domain, scale, or specific implementation.

调查法是行为与健康心理学领域中应用广泛的研究方法，其研究质量在很大程度上取决于样本代表性、数据质量及研究设计的科学性。社会调查数据库的样本代表性强，数据质量高，有助于探索行为与健康的变化趋势与因果关系等议题，以及检验和发展理论。为阐明社会调查数据库在行为与健康心理学研究中的应用思路，本文首先介绍了该领域中常用的国内外数据库，继而总结了社会调查数据库带来的方法论优势，然后从确定研究问题与设计、查找数据、筛选样本、检验变量和分析写作五个环节梳理了利用数据库开展研究的路径，最后辅以具体实例。未来的研究可以充分利用社会调查数据库的优势，推动行为与健康心理学在理论与实践层面的进一步发展。