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论文撤销是科研诚信治理的重要环节，其效能体现在于对撤销原因的精准界定与规范应用。当前学术论文撤销原因实践存在术语使用混乱、原因归属模糊、功能定位偏差等现实问题。本文采用比较分析与案例研究相结合的方法，对国内外典型撤销规范进行对比，发现各类标准规范核心概念定义模糊、原因界定逻辑混杂、约束力度不够，亟需制定界定学术论文撤销原因的专门标准规范。基于此，本文提出学术论文撤销原因界定的标准化策略，包括构建学术论文撤销原因分类体系、推进形成学术论文撤销原因界定的国家标准、建设学术论文撤销原因术语知识库。以期为构建标准化的撤销原因框架、优化论文撤销机制提供理论参考与实践路径。

In facial expression recognition (FER) tasks that rely on local details, Vision Transformer (ViT) often underperforms compared to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). This paper hypothesizes that the root cause lies in the lack of task-aligned inductive bias in standard ViT, leading to an architecturetask mismatch. Systematic experiments based on the FER-2013 dataset diagnose this issue from the perspectives of data efficiency and attention mechanisms. The findings reveal that: (1) ViT exhibits low efficiency under limited data; (2) the proposed “Local Focus Ratio” metric indicates that ViT’s global attention struggles to consistently concentrate on key facial regions such as the eyes, eyebrows, and mouth, whereas CNN accurately localizes them; (3) the inherent locality and translation invariance priors of CNN align well with the local action units critical for expression recognition. This study provides a mechanistic explanation for ViT’s limitations in fine-grained tasks and suggests directions for improving Transformer architectures by incorporating local inductive biases, such as windowed attention. The conclusions can be extended to other similar tasks such as medical imaging and defect detection.

变化盲视是诱发交通驾驶人因失误的主要原因之一，对公共安全构成严重威胁。本研究采用运动方向瞬态诱导变化盲视的实验方法，通过3个实验系统考察了注意和记忆表征对交通场景图像转向中变化盲视的影响。实验1操纵场景的运动速度、运动路线和变化类型，其中运动速度可能通过加剧转向瞬间的注意资源竞争影响变化探测，发现快速运动仅在转向条件下显著加剧变化盲视，而在直行条件下无显著影响。实验2控制运动速度，操纵运动时间(变化前)、运动路线和变化类型，其中原始场景呈现时长可能通过增加记忆表征精度来影响变化探测，发现更长的记忆表征编码时间可在有限范围内缓解变化盲视。实验3控制运动速度与运动时间，操纵场景期望水平下的运动路线与变化类型，通过路线转向方向的概率分布建立先验预期，发现个体对高期望条件下的目标变化表现出更好的探测绩效。结论：交通场景转向中的变化盲视是注意资源竞争与记忆表征有限性共同作用的结果，而期望可能内源性地调节注意分配和记忆表征的有效构建，进而影响变化盲视的发生。研究结果支持并拓展了变化盲视的注意-表征理论。

摘要：生成式人工智能的深度介入引发了人文社科学术写作的范式危机。为超越当前以技术查重为主的被动性应对策略，本研究回归写作作为高层次认知活动的本质，基于认知心理学中的元认知理论，建构了一种名为“元认知-操作认知”的人机协同写作范式。该范式明确界定人类研究者作为“元认知主体”，主导写作的战略规划、过程监控与最终裁决；人工智能则定位为“操作认知单元”，承担知识整合、内容生成与逻辑校验等执行性职能。文章系统阐述了该范式的理论源流、角色职能、协同流程及应用价值，论证了其在重塑学术主体性、推动写作教学改革与引导技术理性融入方面的积极意义，旨在为构建负责任的智能学术生态提供理论支撑与实践路径。

This article takes the Jianghai Culture of Nantong as the research object and deeply explores its unique aesthetic connotation and contemporary value. Nantong’s Jiang- hai Culture, as a distinctive regional cultural system, integrates the natural features of the confluence of rivers and seas with the humanistic history of diverse cultures, and has forged the spiritual traits of being inclusive, diligent, courageous and pioneering. Starting from the historical origins and aesthetic attributes of Jianghai Culture, this article analyzes its aes- thetic manifestations in fields such as intangible cultural heritage, contemporary art design, and urban public art, and further explores the pathways for the inheritance and innovation of Jianghai Culture in contemporary society. The findings reveal that the aesthetic value of Jianghai Culture in Nantong is not only reflected in its material cultural dimensions, but also profoundly embedded in the shaping of spiritual traits and aesthetic identities, which has significant implications for contemporary urban cultural construction, art education and economic development.